BIOORGANICKÁ CHEMIE 2016

Cyklus přednášek Michala Hocka BIOORGANICKÁ CHEMIE probíhá v letním semestru 2016 na Vysoké škole chemicko-technologické v Praze v rozsahu 3 hodin týdně. Přednášky se konají každý čtvrtek od 13:00 do 15:50 v místnosti A20 - budova A.

Lecture course of Michal Hocek BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY at ICT Prague is taught in summer semester 2016 in English (3 h/week). The lectures take place every Thursday 13:00-15:50 in room A20, building A of ICT (Technicka 5, Praha 6). The first lecture is on February 18, 2016.

Bioorganic chemistry - Prof. Ing. Michal Hocek, DSc. (ÚOCHB AV ČR)

The course of Bioorganic chemistry covers the exciting and modern interdisciplinary area at the interface between organic chemistry and biochemistry or biology. It combines and compares molecular principles of structures of functions of biomolecules, molecular principles of biological and biochemical processes (organic chemistry of biochemical pathways), chemical syntheses and biosyntheses of biomolecules and biomacromolecules, use of biochemical and biological means in organic synthesis (biocatalysis), use of chemical means in studying and modulation of biological processes (chemical biology), and construction of artificial bioanalogous systems (synthetic biology). It gives the necessary background for an organic chemist to be able to actively collaborate with biochemists or biologists.

Syllabus

1. Introduction: basic principles of molecular interactions in chemistry and biology, short introduction to cellular biology.
2. Structure and functions of nucleic acids: structures of DNA and RNA, genetic information, other functions of RNA, triplexes and quadruplexes, complexes of nucleic acids with proteins, binding of small molecules, DNA damage.
3. Biosynthesis and metabolism of nucleic acids and their components: biosynthesis of DNA (replication) and RNA (transcription) and their further modifications, catabolism of nucleic acids, biosynthesis and catabolism of nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides.
4. Chemical and enzymatic syntheses of nucleic acids and their components: chemical synthesis and modifications of nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides, chemical synthesis of oligonucleotides on solid-support, biocatalytical synthesis and construction of oligonucleotides and nucleic acids (primer extension, PCR).
5. Structure and functions of proteins: structures of proteins (primary to quaternary), conformations, conjugates (glyco-, phospho-, metalloproteins etc.), isolation and analysis of proteins, structure and function of peptides.
6. Biosynthesis and metabolism of proteins: biosyntheses and metabolism of amino acids, biosynthesis of proteins (translation), posttranslation modifications, cleavage and catabolism of proteins, protein engineering, regulation of gene expression.
7. Chemical and biotechnological syntheses of peptides and proteins:chemical syntheses of peptides in solution and on solid support, protecting and activating groups, combination of chemical and enzymatic approaches, recombinant method, peptidomimetics, combinatorial approaches.
8. Enzymes and mechanisms of enzymatic reactions: enzymes, cofactors, mechanisms and regulation of enzymatic reactions, thermodynamics and kinetics of enzymatic reactions, inhibition.
9. Biocatalytical and biotechnological methods in organic synthesis: use of enzymes, antibodies and whole microorganisms and cell cultures in organic synthesis, enzyme engineering and biotechnology.
10. Carbohydrates: structure and functions of carbohydrates and oligosaccharides, metabolism and basic principles in chemical syntheses of oligosaccharides and glycosides, saccharide code, synthetic vaccines.
11. Membranes and regulation processes: structures and functions of biomembranes, transports of ions and molecules through membranes, regulation processes - hormones, receptors and signal transduction cascades
12. Biosynthesis and metabolism of other classes of natural compounds: metabolism of lipids, terpenoids, alkaloids, polyketides etc., biomimetic total syntheses of natural compounds.
13. Chemical biology: use of chemical means in studying and modulation of biological processes, structural analogues of biomolecules (antimetabolites), chemical genetics, construction of artificial bioanalogous systems, principles of "in vitro selection".
14. Bioconjugate chemistry: synthetic methods for the preparation of different types of conjugates of bio(macro)molecules either with small compounds or with other biomolecules, e.g. click chemistry, native ligations etc.